Kim Kardashian has been apprenticing with two lawyers for the past few years to become a lawyer herself in California. Apprenticeships like Kardashian’s “reading law” and vocational education training are career pathways that not enough young people are considering when deciding on what to do after high school. And maybe they’re not thinking about what happens after graduation because schools aren’t getting them “career ready” enough. New analysis of national longitudinal datasets and 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) data show that it’s good for job markets and young people’s life outcomes when students start thinking about their future early on. Specifically, students whose schools organised first-hand encounters with people from the work world can expect to experience less unemployment and a greater likelihood of better-paying and fulfilling careers. Anthony Mann, senior policy analyst in the OECD’s Education and Skills directorate, talks to us about career readiness, apprenticeships and vocational educational training.